Calculating the monetary value of social capital give decision makers the opportunity to expand and strengthen dimensions that are more valuable to the people. The purpose of this study was to estimate the monetary value of social capital in Tehran. In order to this, social capital questionnaire was distributed between 345 people then by having capita income annual per households an estimated Probity model was estimated using STATA13. To estimate the parameters, use eight regression models, and after estimating the welfare function, the monetary value of social capital using the shadow price model was estimated in two steps.The results show that on average a one standard deviation increase in interpersonal-trust is worth an extra 7000000, in people’s-fairness 2000000, institutional-trust 16000000, and in Trustworthiness is 3000000 Rail per year in terms of foregone income. In the field of informal participation and Meeting-people has been worth an extra 1500000 and 4000000 Rail respectively. The findings indicate that social capital has significant monetary value to individuals. This should be considered when designing government policies aiming at e.g., labor market mobility that are accompanied by a decreasing social capital stock that, in turn, may negatively affect economic and political development.

This research estimates the monetary value of internet information for each type of information and services by using Hedonic pricing method. The statistic social of this research is high-speed internet users in Tehran. Based on the results, high speed internet users of Tehran consider a positive monetary value for some information types in the internet, in descendent respect, such as film downloading, gaming, News, social network, and music. Also, the results indicates that people with higher education level and people who are subscribed to high speed internet earlier than other people consider more monetary value to use the internet. For generalizing the result of this research, it’s suggested to do this research at other cities of Iran. At last, some applicable suggestions made.

Upstream and downstream activities of the oil industry have to deal with mitigating risks of material and human loss associated with the use of industry assets, including through insurance cover. One of the important issues in insuring oil assets, is determination the value at risk of the asset in question. The main purpose of the present study is to fill the gap in terms of a scientific methodology for estimating the monetary value at risk (MVR) of a petroleum property and thus help in setting the correct insurance premium for any given oil asset. We use our method to calculate the optimal value at risk of an oil asset insured by Iranian insurance companies. Our estimated result is close to the actual premium charged. It thus offers us a scientific method, with high accuracy, which can be used to calculate risk-based valuation of oil assests and the associated insurance premium estimate.

Since agricultural sector plays an important role in Iranian economic and monetary and fiscal policies have important impacts on this sector, this study investigates the impacts of these polices on value added of the agricultural sector. For this purpose short run and long run impacts of these policies on the value added, a logarithm function, co-integration approach as autoregressive -distribution lag and error correction model are used for the analysis.The data were collected for period of 1977-2004. The Results show that government expenditures have positive effect on agricultural value added. By one percentage increase in government expenditures, agricultural sector value added increases by 5 percentages. But monetary policies have negative impacts on value added of agriculture sector. One percentage increase in liquidity agricultural sector decreases the value added by 23 percentages. Results of error correction model shows that in short run, one percentage increase in government expenditures, results in 4.5 percentage in agricultural value added. By one percentage increase in liquidity, value added of agriculture sector, decreases by 19 percentages.

Trees are one of the most important and largest carbon reservoirs in forest ecosystems and measuring and estimating carbon reserves in different organs of trees is one of the most important research topics for ecologists. The aim of this study was to estimate the monetary value of aboveground carbon sequestration of tree species in Chitgar forest park. Based on a systematic random sampling method, a total of 100 circular sample plots were collected in a grid with dimensions of 100×100 m. In each plot, species type, diameter at the breast height, and the height of trees were measured. Allometric equations were used to estimate the carbon sequestration of different tree species. The analysis of variance and Duncan tests were used to compare carbon sequestration between different species. The results showed that the mean carbon sequestration in Robinia pseudoacacia, Malus sp., Pinus taeda, Fraxinus sp. and Juniperus sp. were 4. 58, 1. 92, 58. 31, 2. 08 and 0. 86 ton/ha, respectively. The results of the analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between the mean carbon sequestrations between different species. Besides, the results also showed that the above ground sequestered carbon was 67. 76 tons per hectare and in the whole studied area with 800 hectares, the sequestered carbon was 54212 tons. The economic value of carbon sequestration in Chitgar forest park was calculated at 1. 37 million EUR.

Time-cost trade-off is one of the most important subjects in project management and of interest to contractors. The goal of time-cost trade-off is sensivity analysis of project costs to changes in activity duration in order to obtain the best combination of activity duration decrease, in fl way that the sum of project costs is minimized. In the heuristics presented in this area, time crashing is on the base of the minimum cost slope of activities. But since projects are usually performed over long periods, they can be affected by interest rate. In this paper, a new heuristic algorithm is presented in order to obtain the best combination of activity duration decrease while the monetary value is taken into account, with the goal of minimizing the sum of present value of project costs.

Knowledge about the importance of the natural environment, particularly the protected areas has increased. But Real understanding of the importance of this critical habitat is low. Due to change in the global approach in management of protected About the functions and services, the purpose of this study is estimation of improve value in functions and services in Marakan Protected Area. Hence, in this study, data was collected through questionnaires completed by 245 households in two provinces of East and West Azerbaijan in 1391. To estimate the value of functions and services in this area was used the conditional logit model and choice experiment method. Results showed that 81% of the Respondents were willing to pay for Improvement the functions and services. The results showed that the variables of the functions and services, education, marital status, presence of children, high environmental trends and price, age have the positive effects and negation effects in selection of Improvement options, Respectively.Willingness to pay for changes from current situation to improve in levels of animal species, plant species, tourism facilities, natural landscape and training facilities Obtained 23080, 13670, 9950, 21180 and 3590 Rials, respectively. Monetary value of Marakan Protected Area was estimated at 64, 323 million Rials. Thus to quantitative revealing the importance of functions in areas, people will understand that this protected area have high values.